Explore the best northern lights viewing locations across different countries. Each destination offers unique advantages for aurora photography and viewing.
The Kp index measures geomagnetic activity on a scale from 0 to 9, published by NOAA SWPC every 3 hours. Higher Kp means a larger auroral oval and aurora visible at lower latitudes. Kp 3+ is visible in northern Scandinavia, Kp 5+ reaches Scotland and northern US states, Kp 7+ can reach central Europe.
Can I see aurora tonight?
Aurora visibility depends on 5 factors: Kp index (geomagnetic activity), cloud cover, moon phase, hours of darkness, and your magnetic latitude. All five must align — even strong Kp activity is invisible behind clouds or during twilight. Check the forecast for your city to see if conditions align tonight.
What causes the northern lights?
Aurora borealis occurs when charged particles from the solar wind enter Earth's magnetosphere and collide with atmospheric gases. Oxygen produces green light (90–150 km altitude) and red light (above 200 km), while nitrogen creates purple and blue hues. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun trigger the strongest displays.
How does aurora forecasting work?
AuroraMe uses a 5-factor prediction model: real-time Kp index from NOAA SWPC, local cloud cover forecasts, moon phase and illumination, hours of darkness at your location, and magnetic latitude (which determines your minimum Kp threshold). These factors are combined into a single visibility status updated every 15 minutes.
When is the best time to see the northern lights?
The best season is September through March in the northern hemisphere, with peak activity around the equinoxes (September-October, February-March) due to the Russell-McPherron effect. The best hours are 10 PM to 2 AM local time, when geomagnetic substorms peak. Solar Cycle 25 is near its maximum in 2025-2026, making this period exceptionally active.
What Kp level do I need for my location?
Your required Kp depends on magnetic latitude. The formula is roughly: Required Kp = (66 - Magnetic Latitude) / 2. For example, Tromsø (67.4° MLAT) needs just Kp 1, Edinburgh (58.2° MLAT) needs Kp 4, and London (53.4° MLAT) needs Kp 6. Check any city page for the exact Kp threshold calculated from its magnetic latitude.
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