Best time to see the northern lights in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Updated • 21:02 UTC
Newfoundland and Labrador gets the aurora on 33.7 clear nights in a typical year at Happy Valley-Goose Bay, its strongest of 4 tracked locations. March is the best month at 4.7 of them, and nights were counted at Kp 3 or higher, which the planetary index last reached on 31 August 2026. The count threshold runs from Kp 3 at the northern end to Kp 6 at the southern end.
Typical-year figures: a 1996–2026 planetary Kp record crossed with a 2001–2020 cloud normal. They describe a normal year, not tonight — the live Happy Valley-Goose Bay forecast shows the actual cloud, moon and darkness right now. Check tonight's forecast for Happy Valley-Goose Bay →
🌌 Clear nights a year
33.7
Excellent — 33.7 clear aurora nights in a typical year Compare with Canada
🌟 Best Month
March
4.7 clear nights in a typical year
🌙 Peak Hours
23:00-01:00
Magnetic midnight
⚡ Required Kp
Kp 5.0–7.0
Served for the live forecast; nights counted at Kp 3, last reached 31 August 2026
📍 Strongest location
Aurora on 33.7 clear nights a year, against 1.4 at the weakest of 4 tracked locations
Month by month in Newfoundland and Labrador
Astronomical darkness, the nights on which planetary Kp reached Kp 3 inside that darkness, the local cloud normal, and what the cloud leaves of the count.
| Month | Astronomical darkness | Opportunity nights | Mean cloud | Clear opportunity nights | Moon-free |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 11.62h | 11.54 | 59.5% | 54.7% | |
| February | 10.2h | 11.6 | 59.6% | 52.8% | |
| March | 8.1h | 13.17 | 64.3% | 54% | |
| April | 5.23h | 10.92 | 67.5% | 55.9% | |
| May | 2.23h on 41.3% of nights | 2.61 | 72.9% | 52.7% | |
| June | No astronomical darkness | — | 74.6% | — | — |
| July | 1.1h on 10.4% of nights | 0.42 | 74.5% | 57.3% | |
| August | 4.09h | 6.94 | 73.6% | 57.1% | |
| September | 7.29h | 12.03 | 71.1% | 56.9% | |
| October | 9.6h | 12.03 | 76.4% | 56.2% | |
| November | 11.3h | 12.25 | 71.6% | 55.9% | |
| December | 12.06h | 10.1 | 64.3% | 55.2% |
June never reaches astronomical darkness at Happy Valley-Goose Bay, so no Kp value makes it a viewing month and it is excluded rather than scored. The region is not uniform in this: 3 of its 4 tracked locations do get some astronomical darkness in at least one of those months.
Opportunity nights are the whole 1996–2026 record. In the current solar cycle alone (since 2023), March has averaged 19 rather than 13.17.
- March: 8.1h of astronomical darkness a night
- March: 13.17 nights reach the Kp threshold inside that darkness
- March: 64.3% mean cloud leaves 4.7 of them clear
- March: 54% of those nights are moon-free
Similar timing: Haines , Palmer , Valdez
Higher-odds destinations: Fairbanks , Yellowknife , Tromsø
Every tracked location in Newfoundland and Labrador
All 4 of them, strongest first. The month column is each location's own best month with its clear nights; the Kp is the threshold its live forecast serves.
| Location | Clear nights a year | Best month | Kp needed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Happy Valley-Goose Bay | 33.7 | March (4.7) | Kp 5 |
| Gander | 4.7 | September (0.7) | Kp 7 |
| Corner Brook | 4.4 | September (0.74) | Kp 7 |
| St. John's | 1.4 | October (0.27) | Kp 7 |
How these numbers were made
- Evaluated at
- Happy Valley-Goose Bay, 53.3089° N 60.4251° W — darkness and cloud are properties of that point, not of a region.
- Darkness
- Sun at or below 18° under the horizon (astronomical twilight), sampled every 10 minutes across every year of the Kp record and averaged per night of each month rather than on one representative day.
- Geomagnetic record
- GFZ Potsdam planetary Kp index, 3-hourly, 1996–2026 — 89,662 intervals, licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Cloud
- NASA POWER 20-year monthly climatology (2001–2020), parameter CLOUD_AMT. A monthly mean, not a forecast.
- Moon
- A night counts as moon-free below 35% lunar illumination while the moon is up.
- Auroral oval
- NOAA auroral-oval model, equatorward boundary near magnetic latitude 67 − 2 × Kp. A model estimate shown beside the measured record; it never replaces it.
- Clear opportunity nights
- Nights on which at least one 3-hour Kp interval falls inside local astronomical darkness and reaches the count threshold, scaled by one minus the monthly mean cloud amount.
- Kp threshold
- Nights were counted per location, from Kp 3 at the northern end to Kp 6 at the southern end of the region; Happy Valley-Goose Bay counts at Kp 3. The Required Kp shown above, Kp 5, is the threshold the live Happy Valley-Goose Bay forecast serves.
- Dataset version
- Version 2026-09-07, computed offline from the closed record — the page is regenerated, not forecast.
Kp record: GFZ Potsdam (CC BY 4.0). Cloud normal: NASA POWER. How the live forecast is built: methodology page.
Frequently Asked Questions
When can you see the northern lights in Newfoundland and Labrador?
March is the best month, with 4.7 clear nights in a typical year out of 33.7 across the whole year. Every month except June carries some chance. June never reaches astronomical darkness, so no Kp value makes it a viewing month.
What Kp is needed to see the aurora from Newfoundland and Labrador?
Newfoundland and Labrador needs Kp 5 or higher for aurora, Kp 6 for a noticeable display and Kp 7 for a bright one. Across the region that horizon threshold runs from Kp 5 to Kp 7. The NOAA auroral-oval model places the oval overhead at Newfoundland and Labrador once the planetary index reaches Kp 3. That is a model estimate; the dates on this page come from the measured Kp record instead.
Has the aurora ever been visible from Newfoundland and Labrador?
Yes. In the 1996–2026 planetary Kp record the index reached Kp 3, the threshold these nights were counted at for Newfoundland and Labrador, most recently on 31 August 2026. The Kp 4 needed for a noticeable display was last reached on 30 August 2026. Whether anyone saw it also depended on the cloud, moonlight and darkness of that night, which the Kp record does not carry.
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